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Search: contains »trade integration« (418 items found)
...growth, and effective INTEGRATION into the EU, under a politically accelerated enlargement process. In the area of external accounts, successful past accessions managed current account deficits through FDI into tradable sectors, while real effective exchange...
...affordability, illicit TRADE and the growth of heated tobacco products (HTPs) across the six Western Balkan countries (WB6). While progress has been made in aligning excise structures with EU regulation, tax levels in several countries remain below the...
...sectors and lower degree of INTEGRATION into global value chains. In an era of escalating tariff wars and geoeconomic fragmentation, the WB6’s relative insulation from complex international production networks has provided a buffer against the kind...
...of plastic waste since its INTEGRATION with the global economy. But following environmental concerns over waste disposal and processing, China banned key plastic waste imports in 2017. This paper shows that China’s policy led to a dramatic diversion...
...activities in international TRADE. It not only considers the production position of firms in GVCs (upstream, downstream, or both), but also what mode they used to participate the GVCs (TRADE, FDI, or both), thus provide a unified decomposition framework...
...grouped into the sub-indices TRADE, finance and policy, how closely the EU is interconnected with its neighbourhoods. It also compares these results with the performance of the United States, China and Russia in the same regions. In today’s international...
...tariffs, given their limited TRADE exposure to America. The greater risk lies with Germany and those countries most tightly bound to Germany’s ailing industrial sector, such as Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. For now, however, growth in the region remains...
...contributions — enable the INTEGRATION of sub-ecosystems into global tech stacks. Heavy-handed state interventions risk disrupting this delicate equilibrium. Meanwhile, MMEs offer flexibility that helps latecomers survive export restrictions, enables...
...the despotic rule and the TRADE-off between geopolitical ambitions and domestic neglect. Confronted by social unrest, economic decline and military vulnerability, Iran’s leaders are now seeking short-term relief and hoping for long-term survival. The...
...the EU extends far beyond TRADE. An agreement to mutually eliminate tariffs on manufactured goods, as proposed by the European Commission, would be advantageous for both – and help them to refocus on their shared rival China image credit: istock.com/PromesaArtStudio...
...areas are international TRADE, TRADE policy and agricultural and environmental economics. She has published in leading journals such as Review of Economics and Statistics, Journal of International Economics and Journal of Development Economics. Her current...
...in global agri-food TRADE? 25 March 2025 3:30 pm CET Join Miet Maertens as she explores trading through voluntary sustainability standards in global agri-food TRADE In cooperation with: ...
...Soviet Union employed in its TRADE with these countries at the time. However, this policy was changed in 1975, leading to significant problems in the years that followed (a topic explored in more detail later in this article). Examining available data...
...Excellence on International TRADE". It provides the appropriate infrastructure and assistance for a research community in international TRADE. Thus it can achieve a sustainable coordination among different research projects, research institutes and other...
Ralph Ossa: Green TRADE for a greener world economy 09 January 2025 At our Global Economy Lecture, the Chief Economist of the World TRADE Organization explained how environmental comparative...
...opportunity to revitalise EU INTEGRATION amid sanctions Meryem Gökten and Richard Grieveson wiiw Policy Note/Policy Report No. 90, December 2024 18 pages including 4 Figures ...
...of labour and international TRADE. The TRADE openness of Europe’s economies is among the highest in the world. In 2023, the majority had shares of exports of goods and services in per cent of GDP far above 50 per cent (Figure 2). While the advent of...
...of new payment and TRADE mechanisms to bypass Western-dominated systems. However, the final communiqué was heavy on rhetoric, but light on specifics regarding these critical issues. Overall, the short- to medium-term prospects of the BRICS Plus club...
...on the theory of economic INTEGRATION and regional groups as well as on digital finance. Katarzyna Śledziewska is the co-author of a recently published book titled “Digital Economy. How new technologies change the world” (WUW, 2020). She is also...
...change in the same ways; INTEGRATION with the EU’s industrial core is still important; the countries attempting to join again constitute a very small share of existing EU GDP; Ukraine’s economic fundamentals in relation to the EU average is similar...